活著

Bandura to establish that there were certain
steps involved in the modeling process:

1.  Attention.  If you are going to learn anything,
you have to be paying attention.  Likewise, anything
that puts a damper on attention is going to decrease
learning, including observational learning.

2.  Retention.  Second, you must be able to retain --
remember -- what you have paid attention to.  This is
where imagery and language come in:  we store what we
have seen the model doing in the form of mental images
or verbal descriptions.  When so stored, you can later
“bring up” the image or description, so that you can
reproduce it with your own behavior.

3.  Reproduction.  At this point, you’re just sitting
there daydreaming.  You have to translate the images
or descriptions into actual behavior.  So you have to
have the ability to reproduce the behavior in the
first place

4.  Motivation.  And yet, with all this, you’re still
not going to do anything unless you are motivated to
imitate, i.e. until you have some reason for doing it. 


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以上取自小叮噹 大二 人格 - 社會認知性格論